Shaft sinking methods pdf

If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. I will not enter into a description of any particular shaft, as it is hoped that the drawings will make themselves clear. For better sinking methods we studied the various shaft sinking methods. The main shaft sinking hoist house will only be required for shaft development, whereas the ventilation shaft sinking hoist house will be retained and used to hoist waste rock during lateral development. The design provided for an average advance of 1netres per month and making provision for.

This is a significant improvement over historical results such as those presented in macgillivray 1979, who quotes data for the sinking of two shafts where lashing and blowover amounted to 62% and 67% of the cycle times of 5. Analytical methods are the deterministic solutions of closed form. Conventional shaft sinking what is conventional shaft sinking. Thyssen mining has been sinking shafts worldwide for over 100 years. Create a new emergency response plan for shaft sinking and rehabilitation. Compliance guidelines for developing slope and shaft sinking plans for all methods of coal mining we designed this compliance guide for use in developing a comprehensive slope and shaft sinking plan. Lawfulness of the method and reason of neglecting other two common shaft sinking methods has been pointed out in this paper. Shaft sinking methods machines and drives uz studocu. Lashing or mucking of blasted material is one such activity, which currently occupies approximately 40%. Pdf using an integrated model for shaft sinking method selection. Shaft sinking of all the headings driven in hard rock mines, shafts are the most costly and time consuming.

Slope and shaft sinking plans mine safety and health. Cut and fill a method where the site of the shaft collar and general vicinity is completely excavated using benching methods. Design and implementation of grouting programs for mine. Groundwater control techniques for tunnelling and shaft sinking. The headframe and hoist houses will be equipped and commissioned for shaft. The anaconda company is sinking at present the following shafts.

Shaft mining or shaft sinking is excavating a vertical or nearvertical tunnel from the top down, where there is initially no access to the bottom. This paper deals with the evolution of canadian shaft sinking technology over the last 15 years. Table of contentsshaft timberingsinking equipment and methodshandling shaft waterrock handlingmiscellaneous details the following is not offered as an extended paper on the subject of shaft sinking, but more as a description of the present practice of shaft sinking in the butte district. For a production shaft, design starts with determining the cross section or plan view of the shaft. Selection of shaft sinking method for underground mining in. This is a purely subjective rating but the outcome may be useful. Apr 01, 2014 an animation featuring the various installation methods for humes segmental shafts. Using an integrated model for shaft sinking method selection article pdf available in journal of civil engineering and management 174. The paper looks at the practical aspect of artisanal shaft sinking utilising picks and shovels and contrasts this method to a shaft design suitable for small scale miners. It is carried out utilising a slewing crane or slewing. Cementation canadas recent shaft sinking work has focused on removing people from the shaft bottom, while using innovative methods to speed up sinking rates shaft sinking. For abandoned mine shafts, some problems linked to deterioration of the sealing structure at the shaft head, or movement of backfilling material in the shaft have been observed. The shaft of mansar and balaghat mines have made by conventional shaft sinking method but if this shaft would have been sunk with the.

Using only a three or fourman crew, all of the work is performed on the surface. The production shaft is designed to the minimum dimensions required to contain and guide the shaft conveyances, as well as provide space to. Frontierkemper has sunk more than 100 production, ventilation, and service shafts for mining projects in all types of geological conditions. Historically mine shaft sinking has been among the most dangerous of all the mining occupations and the preserve of mining contractors called sinkers.

May 15, 2015 groundwater control techniques for tunnelling and shaft sinking slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. It has a number of advantages over other methods, such as shaft sinking. Use additional ppe as advised by the coshh assessment, rubber gloves mandatory. When wet sinking a shaft the shaft is allowed to flood and the muck is excavated out of the base of the shaft underwater using a grab on the end of a crane or similar excavation method.

It involves driving a vertical or nearvertical hole without explosives between an underground mine and the surface, or between two levels of a mine. Similarly, sdi does not need access to the headings underground. There fore, shaft sinking method selection is a multi criteria decision making problem. Conventional shaft sinking is a drillandblast excavation method that requires no restrictions on shaft depth or diameter. There are several traditional and mechanized methods for. Considering the geological, geoenvironment and other related geoengineering information. Shaft sinking terra solutions constructing a 19m deep shaft duration. The aim is to sink the shaft to a depth where it is possible to install the shaft sinking stage. Having completed numerous jobs in london and the surrounding boroughs, and being one of thames.

Dmc mining services uk ltd and dmc mining services ltd both subsidiaries of kghm polska miedz have confirmed they have entered into a contract with york potash ltd, a subsidiary of sirius minerals plc, to engineer and construct four shafts at the clients polyhalite a potash mineral project in north yorkshire, united kingdom. This is commonly adopted where the strata consists of alternate tough and loose ground arid also when the drop shaft refuses to sink further due to very high skin friction. Use the chart to estimate the probability of an emergency happening. Shaft sinking redpath mining contractors and engineers. Blind shaft drilling offers several advantages over conventional shaft sinking techniques. Depths of the coal seams reveal the necessity of a vertical shaft underground which again needs. The alimak method offers solutions in the development of reef raises, boxholes, ventilation passes, shafts, etc. Wash accidental splashes with clean water immediately. Whether its using conventional drill and blast methods or innovative mechanized systems, thyssen minings techniques continue to excel and grow as technology advances and safety standards increase. The headframes and temporary shaft sinking hoist houses will then be constructed.

Traditional south african shaft sinking methods were employed during the sinking of this shaft. When thames water needed an internationally renowned contractor to handle the shaft sinking and guided auger boring necessary to complete the renovation of the wokingham waste water treatment plant, they called upon the trenchless experts terra solutions. Using this method, almost any shaft geometry is feasible and challenging ground conditions can be sunk through with acceptable sinking performances. Other commonly used excavation methods for completing vertical development include blind shaft sinking, traditional raising, mechanical raise climber excavation commonly referred to as alimak raising, droplonghole raises, and pilot and slash developments where a small. A e yates trenchless solutions ltd have the expertise and the equipment to construct all types of shafts and pits whether they are for tunnelling or are standalone structures as storage chambers, pumping stations or manholes. While a few shafts are advanced by bighole drilling methods, the great majority use the traditional drill and blast cycle. Method of reinforcement placement, including support and centralization type and methods. The traditional method of shaft sinking involves the cyclic activities of drilling, blasting, lashing cleaning, also known as mucking, blowover of fines, hoisting of blasted material, support drilling, shaft lining, and shaft equipping. It is also common to find mine shaft opened even decades after mining activity. Synopsis this paper is based on the townlands ore replacement project whereby the concept of conventional sinking of one large diameter shaft was declined and replaced with three smaller raise bored shafts. Groundwater control techniques for tunnelling and shaft. Emergency response planning for shaft sinking workplace. A method of sinking shafts comprising excavating a series of lifts wherein each lift is excavated by drilling a pattern of blast holes for the full depth of the lift including boring a large diameter hole and creating a chamber at the lower end of the large diameter hole, blasting the walls of the chamber to deposit rock material into the chamber, extracting at least a portion of the rock.

In shaft sinking and raise driving made by the drilling and blasting method, a free surface and a swelling space are usually made in the form of a bench which is approximately perpendicular to the bottom face or parallel to the wall of the shaft. The drilling patterns for shaft sinking are basically the same as those used in tunneling but generally the cone cut is favoured figure 9 and 10. Shaft sinking is one of the most difficult of all development methods. Selection of shaft sinking method for underground mining. Most, if not all, shaft excavation projects in canada prior to 1990 were sunk using traditional benching methods with labour intensive equipment. Shallow shafts, typically sunk for civil engineering projects differ greatly in execution method from deep shafts. This paper intends to use the combination of analytical hierarchy process. Moreover, the shaft sinking procedure is intricate and arduous.

The evolution of modern canadian shaft sinking technology. Compact shaft sinking technology for all ground conditions. A typical comprehensive slope and shaft plan should contain the following elements specific to the particular mine and slope and shaft operation. In the late1980s, j s redpath limited of north bay, ontario, canada, were contracted to deepen the. Using an integrated model for shaft sinking method selection. Cycle times the sinking cycle was designed so that each working shift of 8 hours would be able to clean, drill and blast a shaft round of 2 metres. This is the start of the actual shaft sinking activities. When the top of the excavation is the ground surface, it is referred to as a shaft. Aug 29, 2014 5 years to complete sinking the shafts at the new bakubung platinum mine big construction project duration. While a few shafts are advanced by bighole drilling methods, the great majority use the traditional.

Cementation canadas recent shaft sinking work has focused on removing people from the shaft bottom, while using innovative methods to speed up sinking rates shaft sinking im. Raise drilling, an alternative method for shaft and raise development between levels, is the most cost effective form of. Particularly mucking and hoisting operations of the sinking cycle have a relevant impact on sinking. Discussions are the design characteristic of a small scale shaft, shaft sinking and the timbering process, and methods to hoist broken rock from the shaft. If slurry is to be used, indicate the method proposed to mix, circulate, and desand slurry. Production dependency on production area removal of the broken rockchips for the raise boring or slipe and line options, there is a risk that these options will. Shaft mining or shaft sinking is excavating a vertical or nearvertical tunnel from the top down, where there is initially no access to the bottom shallow shafts, typically sunk for civil engineering projects differ greatly in execution method from deep shafts, typically sunk for mining projects. Shafts can be sunk either dry or for methods such as the caisson method they can be sunk wet. Design methods for the shaft lining and shaft stations can be divided into three main groups, namely. Sinking a dry shaft means that any water that flows into the excavation is pumped out to leave no significant standing or flowing water in the base of the shaft. There should also be enough room for firing to take place in the shaft without damaging the shaft sinking stage.

The latter a may be the last operation of the cycle, b may be carried on during drilling and mucking, provided it is done from a substantial. Thus, these excavation methods were deemed impractical for shaft sinking and were not pursued any further. Handbook to best practices for mine shafts protection. Usa, the design methodology for shaft lining is based on the mining traditions and experience of those regions. Aug 29, 2010 for a production shaft, design starts with determining the cross section or plan view of the shaft. Pdf shaft sinking and lining design for a deep potash shaft. A cutting edge is used and the shaft is pushed down from the surface as the ground is excavated from the inside. Thus, the rates and technico economical parameters of shaft sinking are dependent on the scientifically based option of special way of sinking with regard to concrete geological conditions. Emergency response planning for shaft sinking 9 numerical scoring system to estimate impact. Pdf selection of shaft sinking method for underground mining in. Another commonly used pattern, unique to shaft sinking, is the bench cut figure 11 and 12 figure 9.

For many years it has been the practice to line mine shafts, particularly in britain. Shaft excavation methods, and final shaft dimensions. Because the shaft is flooded, the lining can not be constructed at the excavation level of the shaft so this method only suits methods where the lining is. The shaft of mansar and balaghat mines have made by conventional shaft sinking method but if this shaft would have been sunk with the advanced technologies like vsm and shaft borer the production rate would have been raised to 30 % marks, 2002 with the sophisticated usage of manpower, increasing safety and reducing cost of capital on shaft. A e yates trenchless solutions ltd would use this method of shaft sinking in ground conditions that are stable and self supporting. Conventional mine shaft sinking methods involve the performance of a cycle of different operationsdrilling and blasting, removal of smoke and cleaning of flyrock lodged on overhead timbers, mucking and hoisting of the broken rock, and timbering.

The method of sinking and extraction of muck ground support conveyance of persons, materials and equipment obstructions within the shaft that could hinder the free passage of the conveyance emergency procedures and methods of extracting persons. The safest condition is the one with the lowest score. A critical overview of a completet shaft project and the. The production shaft is designed to the minimum dimensions required to contain and guide the shaft conveyances, as well as provide space to place and access the utility lines. Pdf shafts have critical importance in deep mines and underground constructions. Shaft sinking and lining design for a deep potash shaft in squeezing ground. The drilling of mine shafts by suitable machines is the most progressive method of shaft sinking adopted in russia and other advanced countries of the west. The latter a may be the last operation of the cycle, b may be carried on during drilling and mucking, provided it is done. Particularly mucking and hoisting operations of the sinking cycle have a relevant impact on sinking performance and offer. Working in some of the most extreme conditions and remote locations on earth such as the jungles of south america, the gobi desert of mongolia and the high arctic, redpath has the experience and expertise to mobilize people and equipment to safely execute any shaft project. The object of the bearer is to prevent the shaft from sinking on one side and to give additional support to the shaft below when sinking. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Redpath is recognized throughout the industry as a global leader in shaft sinking.

So we have to adopt best sinking methods so that cost of sinking will be reduce and sinking work will be done at faster rate to achieve the targeted production. Introduction to mine engineering mining and blasting. In many other parts of the world especially where few difficulties are expected it has often been the custom to sink rectangular shafts either unlined or containing timbers. These functions are usually conducted from a shaftsinking platform or stage. This paper describing the methods of sinking shafts is one of a series on mining practices and costs being prepared by the united. Users can purchase an ebook on diskette or cd, but the most popular method of getting an ebook is to purchase a downloadable file of the ebook or other reading material from a web site such as barnes and noble to be read from the users computer or reading device. After cementation of holes the shaft sinking proceeds in the usual manner. May 26, 2016 and to drives shaft, sinking is most important aspect. The 3 raise bore option will be completed sooner than the other options.